Direct laser synthesis and patterning of high entropy oxides from liquid precursors

High entropy oxides are a class of materials distinguished by the use of configurational entropy to drive material synthesis. These materials are being examined for their exciting physiochemical properties and hold promise in numerous fields, such as chemical sensing, electronics, and catalysis. Patterning and integration of high entropy materials into devices and platforms can be difficult due to their thermal sensitivity and incompatibility with many conventional thermally-based processing techniques. In this work, we present a laser-based technique, laser-induced thermal voxels, that combines the synthesis and patterning of high entropy oxides into a single process step, thereby allowing patterning of high entropy materials directly onto substrates. As a proof-of-concept, we target the synthesis and patterning of a well-characterized rock salt-phase high entropy oxide, (Mg 0.2 Co 0.2 Ni 0.2 Cu 0.2 Zn 0.2 )O, as well as a spinel-phase high entropy oxide, (Mg 0.2 Ni 0.2 Co 0.2 Cu 0.2 Zn 0.2 )Cr 2 O 4 . We show through electron microscopy and x-ray analysis that the materials created are atomically homogenous and are primarily of the rock salt or spinel phase. These findings show the efficacy of laser induced thermal voxel processing for the synthesis and patterning of high entropy materials and enable new routes for integration of high entropy materials within microscale platform and devices.