Optimización de un medio de cultivo para plantas micropropagadas de Dioscorea alata L

The material propagation of good quality yam is essential to increase the sustainable production of this cultivation. In the present work the optimization of culture medium of Dioscorea alata L. clone Caraqueño micropropagation was carried out through the following objectives: to determine the effect of different anti-oxydants (activated charcoal 0,5 g.L-1; activated charcoal 1,0 g.L-1; cysteine 10 mg.L-1, 20 mg.L-1 and 30 mg.L-1) and Murashige and Skoog salts concentrations (25, 50, 75 and 100%) in the culture medium during the in vitro plants establishment and the multiplication, and to evaluate the use of different combinations of naftalenacetic acid (0,01; 0,1 mg.L-1) and benzylaminopurine (0,01; 0,1 mg.L-1) in the best multiplication medium obtained in the above experiment. At 35 days, 40 in vitro plants were selected. The following variables were determined in these plants: shoot length, cm; leaf and bud explant number; and oxydation phenolic percentage. In the experiment of plant growth regulators was also evaluated, the roots number and greater size root length. A totally randomized experimental design with one and two factor variance analysis and the Tukey test for means comparison at 5% significance level were applied. The obtained results showed that the salts MS at 75% concentration, the activated charcoal (0,5 g. L-1) or the cysteine (10 mg. L-1), in combination with the growth regulators ANA/BAP (0,01/0,01 mg.L-1) in the MS culture medium, increase the development of the in vitro plants, number of novo buds (3,5), shoot length (4,1 cm), number of leaves (3,8), number of roots (5,7) and greater size root length (6 cm). La propagación de material de ñame de buena calidad es esencial para incrementar la producción sostenible de este cultivo. El presente trabajo tuvo como propósito optimizar el medio de cultivo de micropropagación de Dioscorea alata L. clon Caraqueño a través de los siguientes objetivos: determinar el efecto de diferentes antioxidantes (carbón activado 0,5 g/L-1 ; carbón activado 1,0 g/L-1; cisteína 10 mg/L-1, 20 mg/L-1 y 30 mg/L-1) y concentraciones de sales de Murashige y Skoog (MS) (25, 50, 75 y 100 %) en el medio de cultivo durante el establecimiento y la multiplicación de las plantas in vitro, y evaluar la utilización de distintas combinaciones de ácido naftalenacético (0,01; 0,1 mg/L-1) y bencilaminopurina (0,01; 0,1 mg/L-1) en el mejor medio de cultivo de multiplicación obtenido en el experimento anterior. A los 35 d