我國大學校院經濟弱勢學生協助就學措施之研究 Taiwan’s Aid Systems for Economically Underprivileged Students in Higher Education

我國政府為降低經濟弱勢學生因家庭背景影響其求學意願，提供多項協助措施，但研究仍指出有高比例的大專校院弱勢學生仰賴工讀填補就學所需，且繁瑣的獎學金申請程序降低弱勢學生申請意願。本研究以實際受助者觀點，邀請14位低收入、中低收入學生，以及教育部擴大就學照顧的「大專校院弱勢學生助學計畫」適用學生，進行兩場焦點團體訪談，探討我國政府提供給不同類型經濟弱勢生的各項協助措施是否足夠就學所需，以及其配套是否確實有助於降低經濟弱勢學生就學阻礙。研究結果發現，公立大專校院低收入生獲得的就學資源足夠其所需，私立大專校院低收入學生仍稍有不足，但中低收入學生與「大專校院弱勢學生助學計畫」適用學生獲得的資源卻遠不足以填補就學所需缺口；工讀措施名稱混淆，內涵又與學生學習衝突；且多項協助措施申請辦法不易理解，也未能有效傳播，導致有需要的學生及家長，申辦過程阻礙重重。本研究依據上述研究發現提供政策建議。 Research Motivation and Purpose The Taiwanese government has developed numerous financial aid measures to reduce the burden of higher education expenses for economically disadvantaged students. However, a large majority of economically disadvantaged university students continue to raise their education expenses through work-study opportunities. Furthermore, the complicated scholarship application process discourages students from applying for available scholarships, suggesting that the resources and measures aimed at supporting disadvantage students are inadequate. To address the dearth of information in this area, this study invited economically disadvantaged students who had received government assistance during their studies to participate in focus groups. This study aimed to (1) investigate whether the support measures offered by the government to students from low-income and lower-middle-income families and to students receiving funding from the Financial Aid Project for Economically Disadvantaged Students in Higher Education are sufficient to assist these students in their studies and (2) identify obstacles to the practical application of these support measures. Literature Review Reflecting the research goals, the literature review discusses relevant theoretical research in the field of student financial aid. It includes a discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of educational assistance measures and the current efforts by the Taiwanese government to assist economically disadvantaged students with their educational expenses, as well as related problems and responses. The literature reveals that scholarships are the most direct method of reducing student financial burdens and that work-study programs that address both educational expenses and the student’s future development offer long-term benefits. Taiwan has expanded the number of recipients of funding from the Financial Aid Project for Economically Disadvantaged Students in Higher Education and has worked to strengthen work-study programs to ensure a connection between the work done and the student’s studi