COVID-19 infection: disease mechanism, vascular dysfunction, immune responses, markers, multiorgan failure, treatments, and vaccination

The new SARS-CoV-2 virus is a great danger for the worldwide population since there is no known pre-immunity, no specific treatment, and no vaccine. Still, the testing and tracing are the best tools to isolate the infected and prevent the spread of COVID-19. The major goals are to save lives, reduce the mortality rate, increase the survival rate of those are in severe or critical conditions, reduce the hospital stay and accelera­te the recovery. This review summarizes the findings on the novel coronavirus that causes COVID-19 and outlines information about symptoms, testing, disease mechanism, vascular dysfunction, immune responses, treatments, and vaccination. At this time no vaccine is available to prevent COVID-19. A literature review reveals that more research is necessary to investigate the interactions between respiratory viruses, human coronaviruses, and the new SARS-CoV-2 virus in the infected population to guide the design of COVID-19 specific therapeutics and vaccines. Almost every government on earth has realized that daily life cannot return to normal until citizens have built up antibodies to safeguard them from the virus. Scientists and manufacturers worldwide are accelerating COVID-19 vaccine research, and pharmaceutical companies are already investing in the large-scale production of vaccines. A synopsis of the most recent sources presented in this review was the starting point for several COVID-19 research projects in the Regional Cooperation for Health, Science and Technology (RECOOP HST) Association managed by Cedars – Sinai Medical Center to gain a better understanding of the COVID-19 disease.