Multi-omics lights on the toxicological effects of Cr contamination on Penicillium janthinellum P1

Heavy chromium pollution is a global sticky problem. In this study, an built-in proteomic and metabolomic method used to be used to look at the possible organic toxicity of Cr-contaminated answer based totally on an publicity scan with Penicillium janthinellum P1. The results showed that the high-Cr exposures resulted in cell injuries and signaling disturbances in P. janthinellum P1. Furthermore, Cr-contaminated answer triggered an amplify in glutamine and a sizable minimize in dimethylglycine, betaine and taurine, suggesting that the osmoregulatory metabolism of the P. janthinellum may additionally have been disturbed. The alteration of ATPase and mitochondrial associated proteins, combined with the upregulation of amino acids and carbohydrates, revealed that Cr contamination may disrupt the energy metabolism system. In addition, the secretory effects were confirmed by the upregulation of cytochrome P450 and deoxypodophyllotoxin, and the downregulation of penicillopepsin via proteomics. Therefore, dimethylglycine, glutamine, aspartate and cytochrome P450, all with remarkably alteration, were supposed to be selected as potential biomarkers of Cr contamination. This work assume to furnished new perception into the proteomic and metabolic toxicity of excessive Cr-contaminated area of interest in filamentous fungi, highlighted the mechanisms underlying toxicity and extended our knowledge of multi-omics jointly.