Artificial womb: a paradigm shift for saving extremely premature infants

[...]improved viability is accompanied by an increased risk of unreversed injuries, such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia and intraventricular hemorrhage. [...]a more physiological simulating in utero status is needed to protect EPIs' immature organs during the transitional period and ensure that they develop in the same manner that they would have in the womb. [2] Another term, artificial placenta (AP), was confused with AW in former studies. Since the term "womb" has a more abundant meaning than "placenta," we use AW instead of AP in this article. Importantly, a womb can perform multiple physiological functions, but gas exchange is the primary function of the current AW system. [...]we also explored additional potential application scenarios of AW [Figure 1] to minimize the preterm-related complications. [...]it is worth noting that high-pressure ventilation in MV groups can increase intrathoracic pressure and impede venous drainage from the brain, leading to a higher possibility of venous hypertension and ICH,[4] while in AW system using the jugular vein for cannulation appears to decrease cerebral blood flow. [...]the use of heparin in the AW system may increase the risk of clinically significant cerebral hemorrhage, although no cases of ICH were observed during the experiment.