Test procedure for variable rate fertilizer on coffee/ Metodo para avaliacao de aplicacao de fertilizantes em taxa variavel em cafe
The objective was to develop and test a procedure for applying variable rates of fertilizers and evaluate yield response in coffee (Coffea arabica L.) with regard to the application of phosphorus and potassium. The work was conducted during the 2004 season in a 6.4 ha field located in central Sao Pa...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Acta scientiarum. Agronomy 2010-10, Vol.32 (4), p.569-575 |
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Format: | Artikel |
Sprache: | eng ; spa |
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Zusammenfassung: | The objective was to develop and test a procedure for applying variable rates of fertilizers and evaluate yield response in coffee (Coffea arabica L.) with regard to the application of phosphorus and potassium. The work was conducted during the 2004 season in a 6.4 ha field located in central Sao Paulo state. Two treatments were applied with alternating strips of fixed and variable rates during the whole season: one following the fertilizing procedures recommended locally, and the other based on a grid soil sampling. A prototype pneumatic fertilizer applicator was used, carrying two conveyor belts, one for each row. Harvesting was done with a commercial harvester equipped with a customized volumetric yield monitor, separating the two treatments. Data were analyzed based on geostatistics, correlations and regressions. The procedure showed to be feasible and effective. The area that received fertilizer applications at a variable rate showed a 34% yield increase compared to the area that received a fixed rate. The variable rate fertilizer resulted in a savings of 23% in phosphate fertilizer and a 13% increase in potassium fertilizer, when compared to fixed rate fertilizer. Yield in 2005, the year after the variable rate treatments, still presented residual effect from treatments carried out during the previous cycle. Key words: precision agriculture, yield map, soil fertility. O objetivo foi desenvolver um procedimento para avaliar a resposta da produtividade de cafe (Coffea arabica L.), a partir da aplicacao de fosforo e potassio. O trabalho foi conduzido durante o ciclo produtivo do ano de 2004 em um talhao de 6,4 ha localizado na regiao central do Estado de Sao Paulo. Foram aplicados dois tratamentos em linhas alternadas de plantas com doses fixas e variadas, um seguindo procedimentos e recomendacoes locais e o outro com base na amostragem de solo em grade. Para a aplicacao dos fertilizantes, foi utilizado o prototipo de uma adubadora com duas esteiras independentes, uma para cada linha de plantas. A colheita foi executada com uma colhedora comercial equipada com monitor de produtividade volumetrico. Os dados foram analisados utilizando-se a geoestatistica, correlacoes e regressoes. O metodo mostrou-se efetivo e de facil execucao. A area que recebeu fertilizantes aplicados em doses variadas apresentou produtividade 34% maior se comparada com a area que recebeu adubacao em taxa fixa. A aplicacao em taxa variada resultou em economia de 23% de fosforo e aumen |
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ISSN: | 1679-9275 1807-8621 |
DOI: | 10.4025/actasciagron.v32i4.5282 |