Analysis of the Mitochondrial Genome in Podolian Cattle Breeds

Podolian cattle breeds are represented by: Romanian Grey Steppe, Iskar Grey (Bulgarian Grey), Istrian, Katerini, Ukrainian Grey and Hungarian Grey. The mitochondrial genome in cattle has a length of about 16,338 nucleotides. The majority of taurine mtDNA sequences cluster within macro-haplogroup T, which consists of six subhaplogroups (T, T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5). Recent developments in DNA sequencing technologies provide new opportunities for the examination of genetic material in extinct or endangered species, providing a new perspective on their evolutionary history. This paper has as main purpose the analysis of the mitochondrial genome in podolian cattle breeds by consulting the most relevant research in the literature.