THE EFFECTS OF SINGLE CELL OIL (SCO) PRODUCED FROM BACILLUS SUBTILUS ON CERTAIN HISTOLOGICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES IN LABORATORY RATS

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of Single Cell Oil (SCO) produced from Bacillus subtilis bacteria on certain biochemical variables in the liver and kidneys of laboratory rats, as well as its impact on their tissues. Sixteen male laboratory rats were used and divided into four groups, with each group receiving doses every 48 hours for a period of 21 days. The results showed a significant increase in the levels of Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alanine transaminase (ALT), urea, creatinine, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and Malondialdehyde (MDA), and a decrease in the concentration of Glutathione (GSH) and Catalase (CAT) in the fourth group compared to the control group. The second group did not exhibit any significant changes in the levels of AST, ALT, urea, creatinine, total cholesterol, or triglycerides. Conversely, the third group demonstrated a significant decrease in the levels of AST, ALT, urea, creatinine, cholesterol, triglycerides, and MDA compared to the control group. Histological examination revealed no changes in the liver and kidneys of the second group compared to the control group. The third group showed a normal cellular pattern with the onset of minor histological changes, whereas the fourth group exhibited histological abnormalities in the liver, including thickening of the central vein wall with amyloid deposition (AM), bile duct hardening (BC), infiltration of lymphoid cells (LI), necrosis (N), and degeneration (D) in some cells. In the kidneys of the fourth group, severe histological changes were observed, characterized by the destruction of the glomeruli (DG), desquamation of some urinary tubules (DE), hemorrhage (H), infiltration of lymphocytes (LI), degeneration (D) in some tubule cells, and thickening of the vascular wall (TW).