Numerical thermal performance analysis of light steel insulated walls under fire

Light-gauge steel-framed (LSF) walls are being adopted by the Algerian construction industry as a new alternative to the traditional infilled frames due to the advantages they provide. The strength-to-weight ratio of Cold Formed Section (CFS) leads to lighter structures and a decrease in the building cost. However, in the case of fire, the high shape factor combined with the loss of material properties of the unprotected, slender CFS can result in structural failure. Because of their conductivity, elevated temperatures have an effect on the thermal performance of panels, necessitating the use of appropriate insulation. The purpose of this paper is to perform a numerical analysis of the thermal behavior of LSF walls protected by plasterboard or magnesium oxide board, as well as cavity insulations. Numerical models are developed, using ANSYS software to simulate the thermal performance of LSF walls under ISO 834 fire. Thermal simulations are done to predict temperature profiles, maximum temperatures, and the estimated fire resistance level (FRL). This research has produced results to better evaluate the influence of different systems of protection and insulation used for the CFS under fire.