Schistosomiasis in Southern Brazil 17 years after the confirmation of the first autochthonous case

Schistosomiasis, a parasitic disease, is an important public health issue in Brazil, particularly Northern Brazil. Since the first recorded occurrence of Biomphalaria glabrata in the States of Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul, it has spread to South Brazil. Using the Information System for Notifiable Diseases (SINAN), we assessed the disease spread in Southern Brazil. In Rio Grande do Sul, nine localities had confirmed cases (n = 95, 2001-2013). We confirmed disease expansion to Southern Brazil. We demonstrated the effectiveness of SINAN to monitor notifiable diseases. Our results are useful to develop preventive actions for schistosomiasis control.