3D printed bioabsorbable composite scaffolds of poly (lactic acid)-tricalcium phosphate-ceria with osteogenic property for bone regeneration

•The extrusion of filaments produced homogeneous PLA-TCP-CeO2 nanocomposites.•The nanocomposite filament can be stored in ready-to-use composition.•Porous scaffolds were obtained by additive manufacturing.•CeO2 nanoparticles stimulated cell proliferation and differentiation.•Osteogenic PLA-TCP-CeO2 scaffolds are an excellent alternative for bone repair. The fabrication of customized implants by additive manufacturing has allowed continued development of the personalized medicine field. Herein, a 3D-printed bioabsorbable poly (lactic acid) (PLA)- β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) (10 wt %) composite has been modified with CeO2 nanoparticles (CeNPs) (1, 5 and 10 wt %) for bone repair. The filaments were prepared by melt extrusion and used to print porous scaffolds. The nanocomposite scaffolds possessed precise structure with fine print resolution, a homogenous distribution of TCP and CeNP components, and mechanical properties appropriate for bone tissue engineering applications. Cell proliferation assays using osteoblast cultures confirmed the cytocompatibility of the composites. In addition, the presence of CeNPs enhanced the proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells; thereby, increasing alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, calcium deposition and bone-related gene expression. Results from this study have shown that the 3D printed PLA-TCP-10%CeO2 composite scaffold could be used as an alternative polymeric implant for bone tissue engineering applications: avoiding additional/revision surgeries and accelerating the regenerative process. [Display omitted]