Characterization of Virulence Genotypes, Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns, and Biofilm Synthesis in Salmonella spp Isolated from Foodborne Outbreaks

is the main bacterial pathogen that causes foodborne disease, particularly in developing countries. Nontyphoidal (NTS) include and as the most prevalent strains which are one of the significant causes of acute gastroenteritis in children. Therefore, identifying the most predominant serovars, types of common contaminated food, and paying attention to their antibiotic resistance are the main factors in the prevention and control strategy of salmonellosis. This study was undertaken to evaluate the prevalence rate of serovars, the biofilm formation, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) status, and phenotypic virulence factors of strains isolated from diarrhea samples in some cities of Iran. A total of 40 (10.41%) isolates were recovered from 384 diarrhea samples processed and the most common serovar was serovar (82.5). Also, all isolates belonging to serovar showed more virulence factors compared to other serovars. The isolates showed a high resistance rate to ampicillin (95%) and nalidixic acid (87.5%), while a low resistance rate was found for chloramphenicol (2.5%). Moreover, significant variances in the capacity of biofilm formation were found between different serotypes. The resistance of NTS to extant choice drugs is a potential public health problem. Constant monitoring of AMR pattern and virulence profile of NTS serovars is suggested for the prevention of salmonellosis in humans.