The National Federation of Apaes in the context of the civil-military dictatorship in Brazil: Construction of hegemony in the field of special education

The actions of the National Federation of APAES (1962) are hegemonic in Brazil and the legislation ensures state financing. In this article, bibliographical and documentary research was carried out to analyze the strategies of the Federation to guarantee its hegemony in Special Education during the period of the civil-military dictatorship (1964-1985). As of Gramsci (2001), the APAES are considered private bodies of hegemony, composing the civil society in an organic relation with the political society. It is concluded that the movement of APAES is characterized by "philanthropoestatism", in which philanthropic activities are financed with public resources; this relationship was established in the civil-military dictatorship, confirming the organic relationship between APAES and the regime's leaders.