Characterization of aortic and brachiocephalic filariasis by Filarioidea sp (Nematoda:Spirurida:Filarioidea) in Mexican ramphastids

The manuscript presented herein documents the findings of filaria nematodes in 5 keel-billed toucans, and one emerald toucanet, originated from 2 private aviaries in Mexico City during two years. The birds displayed ruffled feathers, depression, inability to perch, convulsions, and sudden death. Furthermore, thickened wall of the aortic and brachiocephalic arteries, with connective tissue proliferation and chondroid metaplasia were observed. Molecular characterization matched Filarioidea sp (Nematoda: Spirurida: Filarioidea). To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first documented report of filariae Filarioidea sp. causing mortality in ramphastids in Mexico. This manuscript may contribute to expand current knowledge of filariasis and the health risks and livability of wild birds. [Display omitted] •Filaria nematodes causes aortic and brachiocephalic lesions in ramphastids.•The phylogenetic analyzes of the nematode show high similarity to Filarioidea sp.•Filariae Filarioidea sp. can cause mortality in keel-billed toucan and emerald toucanet.•This is the first report of Filarioidea sp. causing mortality in ramphastids in Mexico.