Biodiversité et services écosystémiques des zones tampons humides artificielles de Rampillon (Seine-et-Marne)

Artificialisation of land and intensification of agricultural practices have led to the homogenization of landscapes and decline of biodiversity. In fact, the loss of habitat diversity leads to a decrease in species richness in many areas. Among various actions to address these challenges, ecological engineering is developing to restore ecosystem functions and services by relying on nature-based solutions. This is the case of the Artificial Wetland Buffer Zone (Zone Tampon Humide Artificielle, ZTHA) whose primary function is to improve the quality of water in agricultural drainage context. But it turns out that this tool also promotes habitat diversity in the context of field crops. In order to know the biodiversity of the ZTHA, inventories on 7 taxa (Amphibians, Chiroptera, Lepidoptera, Mammals, Odonata, Birds and Reptiles) were carried out in 2017. As a result, on an area of about 1 hectare it is possible to recover more than 40% of the species among the taxa of Amphibians, Odonates and Birds known in Île-de-France. ZTHA also promote green and blue corridors on a homogeneous territory which diversifies the landscape and promotes connectivity. In addition, pedagogical and recreational issues are added to the overall benefit with the installation of a learning path on the study site. The issues mentioned above stimulate ecosystem services and are shared on one land site: the ZTHA. Ultimately, their deployment on a larger scale is proposed, which will contribute to the ecological development of territories and allow agroecosystems to have a reduced environmental footprint. This article is the second in a trilogy presenting the different strengths of ZTHA to face current environmental issues. L’artificialisation des terres et l’intensification des pratiques agricoles ont conduit à l’homogénéisation des paysages et au déclin de la biodiversité. En effet, la perte de diversité des habitats naturels ou semi-naturels engendre une diminution de la richesse spécifique dans de nombreuses régions. Parmi diverses actions pour répondre à ces enjeux, les actions d’ingénierie écologique contribuentà restaurer les fonctions et services écosystémiques en s’appuyant sur des solutions fondées sur la nature. C’est le cas du dispositif de zone tampon humide artificielle (ZTHA) dont la fonction première est d’améliorer la qualité de l’eau en contexte de drainage agricole. Mais il s’avère que cet outil favorise également la diversité des habitats en contexte paysager de grandes