Malignant Transformation in Leukoplakia and Its Associated Factors in Southern Iran: A Hospital Based Experience

We evaluated factors that affect malignant transformation of leukoplakia in a sample of the Iranian population. The records of patients with a clinical diagnosis of leukoplakia during a 20-year period from 1989-2009 referred to two of the largest referral centers in southern Iran were studied. Patients that developed malignant transformation were compared with patients that did not have malignant changes. Of 522 patients, female patients, those over 50 yr old and with lesions located on the tongue had the highest rate of malignant changes. Female patients with malignant changes were mostly non-smokers (76.4%), while male patients with malignant changes were mostly smokers (63.8% in non-smokers) (