Splenogonadal fusion presenting as a testicular mass, a case report and literature review

Splenogonadal fusion is a rare, frequently misdiagnosed, congenital anomaly in which the splenic tissue is abnormally attached to the gonadal or mesonephric remnants. It is commonly found as an incidental finding at autopsy, during orchiopexy or hernia repair. However, it can present as a testicular mass or as an acute scrotal pathology such as testicular torsion or epididymoorchitis. It poses as a diagnostic challenge preoperatively and often leads to unnecessary orchiectomy. We present a case of a 15-year-old male who presented with a long-standing left testicular mass thought to be a testicular tumor. Resection of the lesion along with partial left orchiectomy was done and histopathologic evaluation revealed splenogonadal fusion.