Effects of thinnings in Pinus nigra artificial stands (Umbria, Italy)

Silvicultural treatments in artificial black pine stands should take into account their history (quite often no cultural treatments have been made after planting) as well the different functions these stands carry on. In Umbria, most of these stands are nearly 40 years old and are often in poor structural conditions, due to lack of appropriate thinnings. The aim of this research was to compare and analyse the effects of thinnigs performed in some experimental areas in Valnerina (Norcia), four years after the treatment.