Better than expected? Predictors of coping with expectation violations in the communication about death and dying

End-of-life (EOL) communication is often avoided, especially among young adults. Negative expectations concerning EOL conversations with relatives or significant others are one major reason. To investigate how best to violate negative expectations concerning EOL conversations by identifying predictors of coping with expectation violations in this context. Vignettes describing expectation violations in the context of EOL communication were presented to a sample of 261 university students. In a first experiment, the credibility of the expectation-disconfirming information was manipulated. In a second experiment, the valence of the disconfirming evidence was manipulated. As outcome measures, the subjective likelihood of two different responses to the expectation violation was assessed: (1) ignoring the disconfirming evidence (immunization) and (2) changing expectations (accommodation). Overall, participants experiencing a worse-than-expected event showed more immunization [ (1, 257) = 12.15,