Economics of Biotechnological Processes in Sustainable Development

The growth of the world’s population and its concentration in large cities increases the pressure on ecosystems and infrastructure, which can be offset by the introduction of “smart” technologies in the urban environment. The increase in life expectancy generates demand for technologies, products, services that provide an active lifestyle, the growth of “age” employment (“silver economy”), high-tech healthcare and personalized medicine. The need to solve food problems stimulates the development of agro- and food biotechnologies, the introduction of new technologies for the industrial production of agricultural raw materials and food products. The consequences of the demographic transition, migration processes and social inequality increase the risks of new epidemics, the return of disappeared infections and, accordingly, the demand for quality and affordable medical services. Changing values, lifestyles, digitalization of society entail the transformation of consumption patterns (economy of sharing, greening, etc.). Under the influence of ICT and their convergence, globalization and digitalization will also cover the field of education, strengthening its interdisciplinary nature.