Oxidant-antioxidant Status Discrepancy between Patients with ST Segment Elevation and Non ST Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: A Case-Control Study

Introduction: Depending on the degree of coronary artery occlusion and the damage to the myocardium, two types of myocardial infarction can be distinguished: non ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction {NSTEMI type (without ST segment elevation)} and ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction {STEMI type (with ST segment elevation)}. Consequently, this may lead to diverse levels of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and dissimilar oxidative profile between the two conditions. Aim: To assess the oxidant-antioxidant status in STEMI versus NSTEMI patients and healthy controls. Materials and Methods: This case-control study was carried out from September 2018 to March 2019. A total of 67 Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) patients, categorized into two groups: those with STEMI (Group 1) and those with NSTEMI (Group 2), were enrolled into the study, and were compared with 75 healthy controls. Oxidant-antioxidant markers, lipid profile and uric acid were quantified for all participants. Statistical comparison between all groups was performed by one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test followed by Tukey post-hoc test. Results: The findings showed a significant increase in the level of oxidative markers as determined by serum Malondialdehyde (MDA), Carbonyl Proteins (CP), Nitric Oxide (NO•) and superoxide radicals (p-value