Thermostratigraphic and Heat Flow Assessment of the South Slave Region in the Northwest Territories, Canada

Despite the elevated heat flow known in the Western part of the South Slave Region (Northwest Territories, Canada), a continuous and equilibrium geothermal gradient was never measured in boreholes below the communities where geothermal energy could be developed. This paper aims to predict the geothermal gradient and assess the Earth’s natural heat flow below the communities of Fort Providence, Kakisa, Hay River, and Enterprise. Temperatures from drill-stem tests and bottom well logs were corrected for drilling disturbance and paleoclimate. The thermal conductivity and heat generation rate of the geological formations were determined from the literature and with new laboratory measurements. Original 1D models were developed to evaluate subsurface temperature through the sedimentary formations based on a thermostratigraphic assessment. The results indicate a geothermal gradient that varies from 44.1 ± 10.6 °C km−1 to 59.1 ± 14.9 °C km−1 and heat flow that varies from 105.5 mW m−2 to 160.2 mW m−2 below the communities. These estimates were in agreement with the equilibrium geothermal gradients measured in Cameron Hills, south of the four communities, and were used to verify our predictions. The highest geothermal gradient (59.1 ± 14.9 °C km−1) was estimated at Hay River, which, therefore, has the most favorable geological conditions for geothermal development.