Typology of Russian agribusiness ecosystems

In the agricultural sector of Russia, an independent market of digital platforms and ecosystems is actively developing, which leads to a variety of their organisational forms and differentiation of business models. The purposes of the study are to develop classification criteria and, on their basis, form a typology of existing platform and ecosystem decisions in the Russian agro-industrial complex. The following classification criteria are proposed: role of the ecosystem core in business, industry localization, and product specialisation. According to the first criterion, all ecosystems are divided into core companies complementary to the main business and independent ones. According to the second criterion, they are divided into universal and industry-specific, while the latter can be part of the universal ones. Considering the third criterion, the following elements are identified and described in detail: specialised product marketplaces (B2B (business-to-business) for wholesale, B2B and B2C (business-to-customer) for retail, B2B for supply, B2B for procurement and mixed ones); logistics platforms; financial platforms and aggregator sites. Emerging multi-functional industry ecosystems offering comprehensive products for agribusiness are separately highlighted as well as government services and platforms implementing individual functions of government administration in the industry.