Global annual wetland dataset at 30 m with a fine classification system from 2000 to 2022

Wetlands play a key role in maintaining ecological balance and climate regulation. However, due to the complex and variable spectral characteristics of wetlands, there are no publicly available global 30-meter time-series wetland dynamic datasets at present. In this study, we present novel global 30 m annual wetland maps (GWL_FCS30D) using time-series Landsat imagery on the Google Earth Engine platform, covering the period of 2000–2022 and containing eight wetland subcategories. Specifically, we make full use of our prior globally distributed wetland training sample pool, and adopt the local adaptive classification and spatiotemporal consistency checking algorithm to generate annual wetland maps. The GWL_FCS30D maps were found to achieve an overall accuracy and Kappa coefficient of 86.95 ± 0.44% and 0.822, respectively, in 2020, and show great temporal variability in the United States and the European Union. We expect the dataset would provide vital support for wetland ecosystems protection and sustainable development.