Soil physical and biological properties in an integrated crop-livestock system in the Brazilian Cerrado
The objective of this work was to evaluate the soil physical and biological properties in an integrated crop-livestock system (ICLS), with or without cattle grazing, in different seasons. The experiment was carried out in the Cerrado biome, in Brazil, in a Rhodic Eutrudox. The treatments consisted o...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Pesquisa agropecuaria brasileira 2018-11, Vol.53 (11), p.1239-1247 |
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Zusammenfassung: | The objective of this work was to evaluate the soil physical and biological properties in an integrated crop-livestock system (ICLS), with or without cattle grazing, in different seasons. The experiment was carried out in the Cerrado biome, in Brazil, in a Rhodic Eutrudox. The treatments consisted of grazing areas (Urochloa ruziziensis) at 0.25, 0.35, and 0.45 m heights (with soybean cultivation after grazing) and of nongrazed areas. The ICLS had no negative effects on soil bulk density, total porosity, macroporosity, and microporosity. After ICLS implementation, the values of soil bulk density decreased, and those of soil macroporosity increased, in the grazed and nongrazed areas. However, after three years, bulk density and macroporosity were reestablished to values similar to those before ICLS implementation. Soil penetration resistance was higher in the ICLS, mainly at 0.00-0.05 m soil depth. After four years, ICLS promoted the increase of microbial biomass C and N and the reduction of the metabolic quotient. The microbial biomass carbon and the metabolic quotient were related to the weighted mean diameter. ICLS benefits to soil physical and biological properties are associated with adequate ICLS implementation, adequate grazing height (0.35 m), and maintenance of soil cover.
Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as propriedades físicas e biológicas em um sistema de integração lavoura-pecuária (ILP), com ou sem pastejo, em diferentes safras. O experimento foi realizado no bioma Cerrado, no Brasil, em um Latossolo Vermelho distroférrico típico. Os tratamentos consistiram de áreas de pastejo (Urochloa ruziziensis) a 0,25, 0,35 e 0,45 m de altura (com cultivo de soja após o pastejo) e de áreas sem pastejo. O sistema ILP não teve efeitos negativos sobre densidade do solo, porosidade total, macroporosidade e microporosidade. Após a implementação do sistema ILP, os valores de densidade do solo diminuíram e os de macroporosidade aumentaram, nas áreas pastejadas e não pastejadas. No entanto, após três anos, a densidade e a macroporosidade foram reestabelecidas a valores similares aos anteriores à implementação do sistema ILP. A resistência do solo à penetração foi maior no sistema ILP, principalmente à profundidade de 0,00-0,05 m do solo. Após quatro anos, o sistema ILP promoveu o aumento do C e do N da biomassa microbiana e a redução do quociente metabólico. O carbono da biomassa microbiana e o quociente metabólico relacionaram-se ao diâmetro médio po |
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ISSN: | 0100-204X 1678-3921 1678-3921 |
DOI: | 10.1590/s0100-204x2018001100006 |