Possible gift authorship and undeclared conflict of interest in: “Effect of self‐administration of medication programme on cardiovascular inpatients' medication adherence and nurses' satisfaction: A randomized clinical trial. Nursing Open 2021: 8(4):1947–1957.”

According to the author contribution section of the paper, the study was designed by three researchers, and data collection and analysis were carried out by the first and second authors (Hajialibeigloo et al., 2021, page 1956). According to the ICMJE to be considered an author a researcher must meet all of the following criteria: (1) Substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work; or the acquisition, analysis or interpretation of data for the work; AND (2) Drafting the work or revising it critically for important intellectual content; AND (3) Final approval of the version to be published; AND (4) Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved (ICMJE, 2022). According to the ICMJE guidance, if all criteria are not met, their contribution should be noted in the acknowledgement section of the paper.