Comparative effectiveness and safety of ribavirin plus interferon-alpha, lopinavir/ritonavir plus interferon-alpha, and ribavirin plus lopinavir/ritonavir plus interferon-alpha in patients with mild to moderate novel coronavirus disease 2019: study protocol

See PDF] The diagnosis of mild to moderate COVID-19 will meet all of the following criteria: (1) 2019-nCoV RNA detection is positive in the upper respiratory tract via nasopharyngeal or oropharyngeal swab samples, or lower respiratory tract via expectorated sputum samples, endotracheal aspirate samples, or bronchoalveolar lavage samples of enrolled patients; (2) Patients are symptomatic, with fever, unproductive cough or dyspnea, and their X-ray or computed tomography scan imaging demonstrates interstitial pneumonia; (3) Respiratory rate 93%; (5) Arterial partial pressure of oxygen/oxygen concentration (FiO2) >300 mmHg. Blood, nasopharyngeal swab, sputum, stool, and urine samples will be collected for laboratory examinations, which includes hematological analysis, urinalysis, hepatic and renal function test, test for serum amylase levels and myocardial enzyme levels, arterial blood gas analysis, thyroid function test, 2019-nCoV RNA qualification test, lymphocyte subsets test, coagulation test, and chest imaging examination. [...]it is likely that the necessary increased number of close interactions between the admitted 2019-nCoV-infected patients and medical staff conducting this study during the study period, will increase the risk of 2019-nCoV exposure to the study medical staff. [...]in the study we will dispense a combination of three antiviral drugs to one arm of the study cohort for the treatment of COVID-19.