Isolation and selection of plant growth-promoting bacteria associated with sugarcane

ABSTRACT Microorganisms play a vital role in maintaining soil fertility and plant health. They can act as biofertilizers and increase the resistance to biotic and abiotic stress. This study aimed at isolating and characterizing plant growth-promoting bacteria associated with sugarcane, as well as as...

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Veröffentlicht in:Pesquisa agropecuária tropical 2016-06, Vol.46 (2), p.149-158
Hauptverfasser: Rodrigues, Ariana Alves, Forzani, Marcus Vinicius, Soares, Renan de Souza, Sibov, Sergio Tadeu, Vieira, José Daniel Gonçalves
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Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:ABSTRACT Microorganisms play a vital role in maintaining soil fertility and plant health. They can act as biofertilizers and increase the resistance to biotic and abiotic stress. This study aimed at isolating and characterizing plant growth-promoting bacteria associated with sugarcane, as well as assessing their ability to promote plant growth. Endophytic bacteria from leaf, stem, root and rhizosphere were isolated from the RB 867515 commercial sugarcane variety and screened for indole acetic acid (IAA) production, ability to solubilize phosphate, fix nitrogen and produce hydrogen cyanide (HCN), ammonia and the enzymes pectinase, cellulase and chitinase. A total of 136 bacteria were isolated, with 83 of them presenting some plant growth mechanism: 47 % phosphate solubilizers, 26 % nitrogen fixers and 57 % producing IAA, 0.7 % HCN and chitinase, 45 % ammonia, 30 % cellulose and 8 % pectinase. The seven best isolates were tested for their ability to promote plant growth in maize. The isolates tested for plant growth promotion belong to the Enterobacteriaceae family and the Klebsiella, Enterobacter and Pantoea genera. Five isolates promoted plant growth in greenhouse experiments, showing potential as biofertilizers. RESUMO Os micro-organismos apresentam papel fundamental na manutenção da fertilidade do solo e da saúde vegetal, podendo atuar como biofertilizantes, aumentando a resistência ao estresse biótico e abiótico. Objetivou-se isolar e caracterizar bactérias promotoras de crescimento vegetal associadas a cana-de-açúcar e avaliar a capacidade dessas bactérias em promover o crescimento vegetal. Bactérias endofíticas da folha, colmo, raiz e rizosfera foram isoladas da variedade comercial RB 867515 e triadas quanto à produção de ácido indol acético (AIA), habilidade de solubilizar fosfato, fixar nitrogênio, produzir ácido cianídrico (HCN), amônia e as enzimas pectinase, celulase e quitinase. Foram isoladas 136 bactérias, 83 delas produzindo algum fator de crescimento vegetal, sendo 47 % solubilizadoras de fosfato, 26 % fixadoras de nitrogênio, 57 % produtoras de AIA, 0,7 % de HCN e quitinase, 45 % de amônia, 30 % de celulose e 8 % de pectinase. Os sete melhores isolados foram testados quanto à capacidade de promover o crescimento vegetal em milho. Os isolados testados quanto à promoção do crescimento vegetal pertencem à família Enterobacteriaceae e aos gêneros Klebsiella, Enterobacter e Pantoea. Cinco isolados promoveram o crescimento vegetal em experimentos
ISSN:1983-4063
1983-4063
DOI:10.1590/1983-40632016v4639526