Bipolaris yamadae as a causal agent of brown leaf spot in Megathyrsus maximus in Brazil

ABSTRACT Guinea grass (Megathyrsus maximus) is widely used as a forage crop in Brazil, but its production faces disease threats. Recently, new symptoms, such as oblong to irregular brown lesions on leaves, have emerged in M. maximus across the country. Particularly severe symptoms were observed in t...

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Veröffentlicht in:Pesquisa agropecuária tropical 2024-01, Vol.54, p.e77542
Hauptverfasser: Sanches, Márcio Martinello, Fernandes, Celso Dornelas, Batista, Margareth Vieira, Verzignassi, Jaqueline Rosemeire, Theodoro, Gustavo de Faria, Gutoski, Diego Vaz
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Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:ABSTRACT Guinea grass (Megathyrsus maximus) is widely used as a forage crop in Brazil, but its production faces disease threats. Recently, new symptoms, such as oblong to irregular brown lesions on leaves, have emerged in M. maximus across the country. Particularly severe symptoms were observed in the BRS Tamani cultivar, and some other genotypes showed lesion coalescence and intense leaf necrosis. This study aimed to identify the cause of these symptoms. A fungus was isolated from the lesions and, using morphological measurements and molecular analysis of the ITS, GPDH and TEF-1α genes, it was identified as Bipolaris yamadae. Pathogenicity tests confirmed its ability to cause disease in M. maximus cv. Tamani. A field survey of 205 M maximus genotypes showed severe symptoms in 8.35 % of the materials. RESUMO O capim-colonião (Megathyrsus maximus) é amplamente utilizado como cultura forrageira no Brasil, mas sua produção enfrenta ameaças de doenças. Recentemente, novos sintomas, como lesões marrons oblongas a irregulares nas folhas, surgiram em M maximus em todo o país. Sintomas particularmente severos foram observados na cultivar BRS Tamani, e alguns outros genótipos apresentaram coalescência de lesões e intensa necrose foliar. Objetivou-se identificar a causa desses sintomas. Um fungo foi isolado das lesões e, por meio de medidas morfológicas e análise molecular dos genes ITS, GPDH e TEF-1α, identificado como Bipolaris yamadae. Testes de patogenicidade confirmaram sua capacidade de causar doença em M. maximus cv. Tamani. Um levantamento de campo com 205 genótipos de M maximus revelou sintomas severos em 8,35 % dos materiais.
ISSN:1517-6398
1983-4063
1983-4063
DOI:10.1590/1983-40632024v5477542