METHOD OF FIXING LOWER JAW FRACTURES WITH THE USE OF CORTICAL SCREWS

Background. In recent decades, there has been a tendency towards an increase in injuries among the population. Injuries to the maxillofacial region occupy 5th place in terms of prevalence. According to the results of a statistical analysis conducted on the basis of the department of maxillofacial surgery of Penza Regional Clinical Hospital named after N. N. Burdenko, 90 % of them account for jaw fractures. The most common fractures of the lower jaw – 71 % of cases. This article is devoted to the study of the structure of maxillofacial injuries on the basis of the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery of Penza Regional Clinical Hospital named after N. N. Burdenko and a comparative assessment of the results of conservative treatment of fractures of the lower jaw. Materials and methods. The analysis of statistical data for the period August 2018 – August 2019, obtained in the process of studying 172 case histories of patients with injuries of the maxillofacial region, was carried out. An open prospective study was conducted in which 24 patients with jaw fractures took part. Patients were randomly divided into two groups – control and main. The main (first) group was 16 people. For patients of this group, fixation of jaw fractures was performed using cortical screws and intermaxillary rubber traction. The second – the control group, amounted to 8 people. Patients of this group received treatment in the amount of bimaxillary splinting of the jaws with Tigerstedt tires with intermaxillary rubber traction. Results. This article presents an analysis of those collected on the basis of the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery of Penza Regional Clinical Hospital named after N. N. Burdenko statistics on some medical and social indicators: age and gender structure, structure of the disease. The main emphasis is on the method of conservative treatment of jaw fractures. The advantage of the method of jaw fixation using cortical screws and intermaxillary rubber rods was revealed – improving overall well-being, reducing swelling and pain in the fracture area already by 2–3 days, shortening the treatment and rehabilitation of patients. According to this method of conservative treatment of fractures of the lower jaw, we proposed a rationalization proposal No. 408, adopted by the Rationalization and Invention Bureau of Penza Regional Clinical Hospital named after N. N. Burdenko and Penza State University Medical Institute “Method of fixation of jaw fractures using cortical screw