Repercusión psicológica de la hospitalización del neonato grave y crítico en la madre acompañante

Introduction: hospitalization presupposes a crisis on family life; both because of the health condition that it generates and the magnitude associated with the fact of requiring hospitalization, along with the modification of the child’s normal routine. Objective: to describe the psychological repercussions that presuppose the hospitalization of severely and critically-ill newborn babies for the accompanying mother in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at Abel Santamaria Cuadrado General Teaching Hospital in Pinar del Rio during the month of February and the first two weeks of March 2015. Methods: an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted. The target group was comprised of 19 accompanying mothers with newborn babies admitted to the Newborn Intensive Care Unit; the sample included 13 accompanying mothers selected by intentional and non-intentional probabilistic sampling. Results: a diversity of psychological responses was observed in the accompanying mothers: fear, depression and anxiety (28.9%, 22.2% and 20% respectively) which appeared to be predominant. Self-accusation and approval of disease (2.2%) were not frequent. The existence of mothers showing signs of evasion and denial before the event should be noted (8.9%), abstaining to visit the Unit frequently and their infants in some circumstances. Conclusions: many events were observed matching to the processes of in-hospital experience and due to the severe condition of the newborn baby. Only secondary education was completed by most of the mothers included in the study, as well as low-weight at birth and prematurity. Mothers need a qualified and psychological follow-up along with the insertion of the rest of the family members supporting the event of hospitalization as active participants. Introducción: la hospitalización es una crisis no normativa en la vida familiar; tanto por la condición de salud que la genera, la gravedad que se asocia al hecho de requerir ser hospitalizado(a), como por la alteración de la rutina habitual del niño(a). Objetivo: describir la repercusión psicológica de la hospitalización de neonatos graves y críticos en la madre acompañante en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatal (UCIN) del Hospital General Docente Abel Santamaría Cuadrado de Pinar del Río durante el mes de febrero y la primera quincena de marzo del año 2015. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal. El universo estuvo conformado por las 19 madres acompañ