Research development in tumor therapy: role of iron-related nanoparticles

As an essential nutrient element for life, iron’s metabolic balance in body tissues is crucial to sustaining normal physiological functions, and it is inextricably related to tumors. Nanotechnology is gaining much attention around the world for cancer treatment. Considering the critical role of iron metabolism, nanocarriers’ toxicity and biocompatibility, novel nanomaterials based on the biochemical activity of iron and the regulatory proteins of iron homeostasis-metabolism show broad application prospects in the field of tumor diagnosis and treatment. In this review, the role of iron-related nanocarriers for tumor therapy, such as iron oxide nanoparticles, Fe-based metal-organic frameworks, ferritin, and transferrin, was reviewed, aiming to help people better understand their tremendous potential in tumor therapy.