Plasma levels of fibrinolytic and coagulation biomarkers in HIV‐infected individuals on highly active antiretroviral therapy: A case‐control study in a Northern Ghanaian population

Background and Aim Impaired coagulation and fibrinolysis have been implicated in thromboembolism in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐infected individuals. This study evaluated the plasma levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 (PAI‐1) and coagulation biomarkers in HIV‐infected individuals on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Methods This matched case‐control study from March to December, 2020 comprised 76 participants: 38 HIV‐positive individuals on HAART and 38 apparently healthy HIV‐negative individuals as controls. Blood samples were collected for prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), D‐dimers, PAI‐1, and soluble fibrin monomer complex (SFMC) estimations. The data were analysed using SPSS version 22.0 and statistical significance was set at p