Invasive Trichosporon Infection: a Systematic Review on a Re-emerging Fungal Pathogen

This review aimed to better depict the clinical features and address the issue of therapeutic management of deep-seated infections. We comprehensively reviewed the cases of invasive infection reported in the literature from 1994 (date of taxonomic modification) to 2015. Data from antifungal susceptibility testing (AST) studies were also analyzed. Two hundred and three cases were retained and split into four groups: homeopathy ( = 79), other immunodeficiency conditions ( = 41), miscellaneous ( = 58) and newborns ( = 25). was the main causative species (46.7%) and may exhibit cross-resistance to different antifungal classes. The unfavorable outcome rate was at 44.3%. By multivariate analysis, breakthrough infection (OR 2.45) was associated with unfavorable outcome, whilst the use of an azole-based therapy improved the prognosis (OR 0.16). Voriconazole-based treatment was associated with favorable outcome in hematological patients (73.6 vs. 41.8%; = 0.016). Compiled data from AST demonstrated that (i) exhibits the highest MICs to amphotericin B and (ii) voriconazole has the best efficacy against clinical isolates of spp. infection is not only restricted to hematological patients. Analysis of compiled data from AST and clinical outcome support the use of voriconazole as first line therapy.