Transcriptomic Signature Differences Between SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza Virus Infected Patients

The reason why most individuals with COVID-19 have relatively limited symptoms while other develop respiratory distress with life-threatening complications remains unknown. Increasing evidence suggests that COVID-19 associated adverse outcomes mainly rely on dysregulated immunity. Here, we compared...

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Veröffentlicht in:Frontiers in immunology 2021-05, Vol.12, p.666163
Hauptverfasser: Bibert, Stéphanie, Guex, Nicolas, Lourenco, Joao, Brahier, Thomas, Papadimitriou-Olivgeris, Matthaios, Damonti, Lauro, Manuel, Oriol, Liechti, Robin, Götz, Lou, Tschopp, Jonathan, Quinodoz, Mathieu, Vollenweider, Peter, Pagani, Jean-Luc, Oddo, Mauro, Hügli, Olivier, Lamoth, Frédéric, Erard, Véronique, Voide, Cathy, Delorenzi, Mauro, Rufer, Nathalie, Candotti, Fabio, Rivolta, Carlo, Boillat-Blanco, Noémie, Bochud, Pierre-Yves
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Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:The reason why most individuals with COVID-19 have relatively limited symptoms while other develop respiratory distress with life-threatening complications remains unknown. Increasing evidence suggests that COVID-19 associated adverse outcomes mainly rely on dysregulated immunity. Here, we compared transcriptomic profiles of blood cells from 103 patients with different severity levels of COVID-19 with that of 27 healthy and 22 influenza-infected individuals. Data provided a complete overview of SARS-CoV-2-induced immune signature, including a dramatic defect in IFN responses, a reduction of toxicity-related molecules in NK cells, an increased degranulation of neutrophils, a dysregulation of T cells, a dramatic increase in B cell function and immunoglobulin production, as well as an important over-expression of genes involved in metabolism and cell cycle in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 compared to those infected with influenza viruses. These features also differed according to COVID-19 severity. Overall and specific gene expression patterns across groups can be visualized on an interactive website (https://bix.unil.ch/covid/). Collectively, these transcriptomic host responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection are discussed in the context of current studies, thereby improving our understanding of COVID-19 pathogenesis and shaping the severity level of COVID-19.
ISSN:1664-3224
1664-3224
DOI:10.3389/fimmu.2021.666163