Oxidant and Antioxidant Parameters in Serum and Saliva Samples of Patients with Periodontal Disease

Objective: Oxidative stress has crucial roles in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. The balance between oxidant and antioxidant biochemical parameters is detrimental in the progression of periodontal diseases. This study aims to assess the levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA) in serum and saliva samples from patients who have periodontal disease. Methods: The study enrolled on 88 individuals divided into 4 groups: (1) periodontally healthy, (2) gingivitis, (3) stage I-II periodontitis, and (4) stage III-IV periodontitis. The participants had their serum and saliva samples taken. Clinical periodontal parameters were measured to determine the periodontal status. Then MPO, MDA, CAT, SOD, and GSH expressions were analyzed with appropriate methods. Results: Salivary-MPO levels improved in parallel with the periodontal disease’s severity. The healthy patients had the highest serum-MDA expressions, which decreased as the severity of the disease increased. Glutathione and SOD concentrations were similar in each group. Catalase expressions in serum reached the highest level in stage I-II periodontitis patients. Nonetheless, there were no significant differences between the groups. Conclusion: In conclusion, our results revealed that GSH, SOD, MDA, CAT, and MPO levels are not affected by the progression of periodontal diseases.