Delivery of affordable and scalable encapsulated allogenic/autologous mesenchymal stem cells in coagulated platelet poor plasma for dental pulp regeneration

The main goal of regenerative endodontics procedures (REPs) is to revitalize teeth by the regeneration of healthy dental pulp. In this study, we evaluated the potential of combining a natural and accessible biomaterial based on Platelet Poor Plasma (PPP) as a support for dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) and umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSC). A comparison study between the two cell sources revealed compatibility with the PPP based scaffold with differences noted in the proliferation and angiogenic properties in vitro. Additionally, the release of growth factors including VEGF, HGF and DMP-1, was detected in the media of cultured PPP and was enhanced by the presence of the encapsulated MSCs. Dentin-Discs from human molars were filled with PPP alone or with MSCs and implanted subcutaneously for 4 weeks in mice. Histological analysis of the MSC-PPP implants revealed a newly formed dentin-like structure evidenced by the expression of Dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP). Finally, DPSC induced more vessel formation around the dental discs. This study provides evidence of a cost-effective, xenofree scaffold that is compatible with either autologous or allogenic strategy for dental pulp regeneration. This attempt if successfully implemented, could make REPs treatment widely accessible, contributing in improving global health conditions.