Study on the Koshibu Dam sediment bypass tunnel operation based on sediment transport monitoring in upstream reaches

SBTs (sediment bypass tunnels) are a leading technique to mitigate reservoir sedimentation. SBTs consist of a tunnel connecting the upstream and downstream reaches of a dam and diverts sediment-laden flood directly during flood events. A difficulty in operating SBTs is to reduce sediment inflow into...

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Veröffentlicht in:E3S web of conferences 2022, Vol.346, p.3013
Hauptverfasser: Koshiba, Takahiro, Miura, Sawa, Sumi, Tetsuya
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Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:SBTs (sediment bypass tunnels) are a leading technique to mitigate reservoir sedimentation. SBTs consist of a tunnel connecting the upstream and downstream reaches of a dam and diverts sediment-laden flood directly during flood events. A difficulty in operating SBTs is to reduce sediment inflow into the reservoir effectively, and simultaneously sustaining dam functions such as flood mitigation and hydropower generation. To optimize the problem in controlling the timings required in opening and closing the gates in the SBTs, which are governed by the hydrograph and inflow sediment data. Despite many studies on SBT operations considering hydrograph, there are few of those on the temporal change of sediment inflow. Ultimately, this study aims at improving SBT operations by understanding sediment inflow from upstream reaches using an indirect bedload monitoring system called an impact sensor. For this study, the Koshibu River basin was chosen because impact sensors are already placed in several locations around the basin including inside of the SBT. This observation has revealed the amount of transported sediment during each season in a year, are shown with relations between hydrograph and sediment inflow, and the spatial transient of sediment transport peak levels. According to these observations, desirable rules for SBT operations are suggested. Les galeries de dérivation des sédiments (en anglais Sediment Bypass Tunnels; SBT) sont une technique de pointe pour limiter l’envasement des retenues. Les SBT consistent en une galerie reliant les zones amont et aval d’une retenue et détournant directement l’eau chargée de matériaux solides lors des crues. Une des difficultés du fonctionnement des SBT est de réduire efficacement l’apport des sédiments dans le réservoir tout en maintenant les fonctions du barrage : gestion des crues et production d’énergie hydroélectrique. Ces exigences régissent un problème d’optimisation qui détermine le moment d’ouverture et de fermeture des vannes des SBT en tenant compte de l’hydrogramme et des apports de sédiments. Malgré de nombreuses études sur le fonctionnement des SBT en tenant compte de l’hydrogramme, peu d’entre elles portent sur le changement temporel de l’apport de sédiments. En conséquence, cette étude vise à améliorer le fonctionnement des SBT en comprenant l’apport de sédiments en amont grâce à un système de surveillance indirect du charriage appelé plaques d’impact. Pour cela, le SBT du barrage de Koshibu (Japon) a
ISSN:2267-1242
2555-0403
2267-1242
DOI:10.1051/e3sconf/202234603013