The Arrested Black Men in Europe: Criminal or Victim?
The Africans detained in Austria have been targeted by police by their skin color, often are arrested with violence, are poorly defended by assigned defense lawyers, given longer sentences than Austrian citizens and have less access to alternatives or bail.A modified form of the United Nations Crime...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Rivista di criminologia, vittimologia e sicurezza vittimologia e sicurezza, 2007-12, Vol.I (3), p.66-79 |
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Sprache: | eng |
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Zusammenfassung: | The Africans detained in Austria have been targeted by police by their skin color, often are arrested with violence, are poorly defended by assigned defense lawyers, given longer sentences than Austrian citizens and have less access to alternatives or bail.A modified form of the United Nations Crime Victim questionnaire was administered to all the African prisoners at the Vienna’s Central Detention Facility. It revealed that the Africans were not only victims of violence (sometimes even torture) and crimes (assault-58%, burglary-32%, fraud-27%, bribery-33%) in their home countries, but also 24 percent had experienced assault, 16% theft, and 13% had been defrauded in Austria-much higher rates than the EU citizen. On the other hand, the Africans are rarely charged with burglary, robbery, or violent crimes. They are primarily arrested for the possession or sale of narcotic drugs (83%) and an additional four percent for resisting arrest. This is primarily the result of insufficient financial support provided to asylum seekers and the prohibition to work pending their determination of immigrant status. Because of the long appeal processes and the practical impossibility of deporting certain nationalities, a type of underground community is taking root where simple survival is the determining factor whether to commit a non-violent offence. Les Africains détenus en Autriche sont visés par la police à cause de la couleur de leur peau; ils sont souvent arrêtés avec violence, sont mal défendus par leurs avocats de défense, doivent passer de plus longues périodes en prison que des citoyens autrichiens ayant commis un crime pareil, et ils ont moins d'accès aux mesures extrajudiciaires et au système de liberté sous caution. Une forme modifiée du questionnaire de victimes de crime des Nations Unies fut administrée à tous les prisonniers africains au Service Central de la Détention de Vienne. Les résultats indiquèrent que les Africains furent non seulement victimes de violence (parfois même de torture) et de crimes dans leur pays d'origine, (assaut - 58%, cambriolage - 3 2%, fraude - 27%, corruption - 33%) mais également que 24% d’entre eux avaient souffert l'assaut, 16 % le vol, et 13% avaient été victimes de fraude en Autriche – un taux beaucoup plus élevé que parmi les citoyens de l’Union Européenne. D'autre part, les Africains sont rarement chargés de cambriolage, de vol, ou de crimes violents. Ils sont arrêtés principalement à la suite de possession ou de vente de d |
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ISSN: | 1971-033X 1971-033X |