Bronchobiliary fistulae as a complication of untreated pulmonary hydatid cyst presenting with bilioptysis: A report of two cases

Key Clinical Message We reported two patients, a 45‐year‐old lady and a 48‐year‐old man, known cases of untreated liver and lung hydatid cysts complicated with bronchobiliary fistulae. Surgery was performed, and bronchobiliary fistulae were diagnosed intraoperatively. Lobectomy was done on the lobe, which was chronically infected. Symptoms resolved after surgery in both cases. Green‐colored sputum in a patient with a history of echinococcosis should raise the physician's attention to the probability of a connection between the bronchial tree and the biliary tract. Surgery in advanced cases is a suitable therapeutic option. Intraoperative images showing the bronchobiliary fistula; Blue arrow indicator of middle lobe fistula; green arrow indicator of diaphragmatic hole.