Insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus risk factors in systemic lupus erythematosus

Objective. To clarify the frequency of insulin resistance (IR) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), traditional and associated with rheumatic disease risk factors for its development, to assess the possibility of using the Finnish Type 2 Diabetes Risk Assessment Score (FINDRISC) questionnaire to detect IR. Material and methods. The cross-sectional study included 49 patients with SLE (46 women, 3 men) without diabetes mellitus and hyperglycemia, observed at the V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology in 2019–2020. The median age of the patients was 40 [33; 48] years, the duration of the disease was 3.0 [0.7; 8.0] years. Glucocorticoids (GC) were received by 41 (84%) patients, hydroxychloroquine – by 38 (78%), immunosuppressive drugs – by 10 (20%), biological agents – by 5 (10%). The glucose and fasting immunoreactive insulin levels were examined, and the Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) index was calculated in all patients. HOMA-IR value ≥2.77 corresponded to IR. Traditional risk factors for type 2 diabetes and the risk of its development in the next 10 years in patients with SLE were assessed using the Russian version of the FINDRISC questionnaire. Results. The median HOMA-IR level in SLE patients was 1.7 [1.2; 2.5]. IR was detected in 10 (20%) of 49 patients with SLE. Patients with and without IR were comparable in terms of sex, age, duration and activity of SLE, therapy, and type 2 diabetes traditional risk factors. BMI, WC and insulin levels were higher in patients with IR. HOMA-IR correlated with body mass index (BMI) (r=0.6; p