TRIBOLOGY OF DRILL BITS IN THE GEOTHERMAL INDUSTRY: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Energy from the earth’s heat is critical to the energy supply of countries with this resource. This literature review highlights the tribology applied to drill bits in the geothermal industry. Facing a diverse geological environment, drill bits are critical to energy efficiency, with significant friction, wear and lubrication challenges. This paper addresses the complexity of drill bit interaction with diverse geothermal formations, highlighting the importance of understanding tribological phenomena. Advances in materials and coatings, such as composites, heat-resistant alloys and ceramic coatings, are explored, along with innovative geometric design strategies. Attention on lubrication, cooling and continuous monitoring systems highlights the quest for efficiency and extended drill bit life. This review provides a comprehensive overview of advances in bit tribological research in the geothermal industry, identifying emerging trends and critical challenges for the sustainable development of this form of renewable energy.