Repercusión renal del bajo peso al nacer

Introduction: Developmental programming predisposes theindividual to suffer from diseases during adulthood. Low birth weight(LBW) is one of the markers of the adverse intrauterine environment.Studies indicate that adverse intrauterine and immediate postnatalinfluences can generate structural and functional alterations in someorgans, which will manifest themselves in later stages of life. Amongthese diseases is high blood pressure, in which the role of the kidney isdemonstrated.Objective: To systematize studies that assess the changes that occurin kidney morphology and function in individuals with low birth weight.Material and Methods: A systematic review was carried out fromMay to September 2022. The Virtual Regional Health Library and thePubMed and SciELO Cuba databases were consulted.Results: A total of 114 articles were recovered, of which 16 wereselected taking into account the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Morphometric variables of the kidney were evaluated in 13 articles, andrenal function was evaluated in 7 of them. The articles reviewed deal withresearch carried out under very varied experimental conditions. In most ofthem, it has been demonstrated that LBW causes renal morphofunctionalchanges.Conclusions: The number of nephrons was found to be reduced.The intensity of glomerular filtration was not found to be different forthe entire renal mass, but it was increased for the isolated nephron. Earlyextrauterine nutrition is important. It is evident that the cause and natureof the disturbance of the maternal-fetal environment must be taken intoaccount. Introducción: La programación del desarrollo predispone al individuo a padecer enfermedades durante la adultez El bajo peso al nacer (BPN) es uno de los marcadores del ambiente adverso intrauterino. Estudios señalan que influencias intrauterinas y postnatales inmediatas adversas, pueden generar alteraciones estructurales y funcionales en algunos órganos; las cuales se manifestarán en etapas tardías de la vida. Dentro de estas enfermedades se encuentra la hipertensión arterial, en la cual el papel del riñón está demostrado.Objetivo: sistematizar los estudios que valoran los cambios que se producen en la morfología y la función renal en individuos con bajo peso al nacer.Material y métodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemática de mayo a septiembre de 2022. Se consultaron la Biblioteca virtual en salud regional y las bases de datos PubMed y SciELO Cuba.Resultados: Se recuperaron 114 artículos de los cuale