Uso de Metformina en el embarazo

Metformin therapy in gestational diabetes (GD) has beneficial effects on insulin resistance and does not appear to be teratogenic; but the use effect in early pregnancy on pernatal morbility has not beenstudied. Objective: To assess that metformin therapy initiated early in pregnancy in obese women with GD reduces macrosomia and neonatl morbidity. Design: Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine, high specialty medical university, Social Security Mexican Institute. Participants: Patients with diagnosis of GD. Interventions: We examined the record of women with GD, 17 or less weeks of pregnancy and a body mass index equal or more than 30 when they started therapy. They were divided in two groups: metformin group (women treated only with metformin throughout pregnancy because they did not accept to use insulin, n = 34) and insulin group (women who received only insulin treatment, n = 40). Perinatal outcomes, mode of delivery, development of gestational hypertension and type 2 diabetes were assessed. Main outcome measures: Perinatal results, birth type, association with hypertensive states and progression to type 2 diabetes in the postpartum. Results: There was a decrease in macrosomia in the metformin group, 1 (2%) vs. 6 (15%) in the insulin group, but this difference was not significant (p > 0,05). Results in neonatal morbidity and gestational hypertension and type 2 diabetes development were similar. Conclusions: Even though results with metformin therapy were not statistically better, it represents a safe management alternative in patients with GD and obesity who do not accept insulin use. La utilización de metformina en pacientes con diabetes gestacional (DG) ha mostrado efectos benéficos al disminuir la resistencia a la insulina y no rwlacionarse con teratogénesis, pero no ha sido evaluado su efecto sobre la morbilidad perinatal al utilizarlo desde las primeras semanas del embarazo. Objetivo: Demostrar que la administración de metformina desde el inicio del segundo trimestre del embarazo en pacientes obesas con diabetes gestacional (DG) disminuye la macrosomía y morbilidad neonatal. Diseño: Estudio cuasiexperimental. Lugar: Departamento de Medicina Materno-Fetal, Universidad Médica de Alta Especialidad, Instituto Mexicano del seguro Social. Participantes: Pacientes con diagnóstico de DG, cursando embarazos de 17 o menos semanas de gestación al inicio del tratamiento e índice de masa corporal de 30 o mayor. Se formó 2 grupos: el de casos, con 34 pacientes,