Derecho a migrar de los menores de edad. Vulnerabilidad y riesgos de movilidad dentro del ordenamiento jurídico ecuatoriano

Human mobility is an old phenomenon and has always represented a challenge for the countries that are involved in this phenomenon. Currently, human mobility is enhanced by the social and economic crises that are plaguing certain countries, the situation in Venezuela being a clear example in the American continent. For this reason, migrants are constituted as a priority attention group, given that their irregular situation impacts their way of life and their opportunities for social and economic insertion. Similarly, minors who accompany these adults or who, in some extreme cases, migrate independently, are threatened by the different risks that migration entails. The central objective of this article is to analyze migration as a social, cultural and economic phenomenon; the quality of migrant children and adolescents as a priority attention group; the right to migrate with its respective negative consequences and finally, a critical view from public policies and their influence to reduce this vulnerability of migrant minors. To achieve this objective, the documentary technique is used, together with the analytical, exegetical and synthetic methods. It is concluded that minors in vulnerable situations are a group of priority attention, that the Constitution of Ecuador provides the central constitutional mandates for the protection of migrant minors but that in strict observance of public policies, these must be more protective in order to comply both with constitutional mandates and to achieve effective protection of migrant minors La movilidad humana es un fenómeno antiguo y que siempre ha representado un reto para los países que se ven involucrados en este fenómeno. En la actualidad, la movilidad humana se ve potenciada por las crisis sociales y económicas que azotan a ciertos países, siendo un claro ejemplo en el continente americano la situación de Venezuela. Por ello, los migrantes se constituyen como un grupo de atención prioritaria, dado que su situación de irregularidad impacta en su modo de vida y en sus oportunidades de inserción social y económica. De igual modo, los menores de edad que acompañan a dichos adultos o que en algunos casos extremos, migran de forma independiente, se ven amenazados por los distintos riesgos que entraña la migración. El objetivo central de este artículo es analizar la migración como un fenómeno social, cultural y económico; la calidad de los niños, niñas y adolescentes migrantes como un grupo de atención prioritaria; e