Percepción de violencia en el noviazgo entre los adolescentes: Estudio transversal

BACKGROUND // The violence produced in the context of dating is known as dating violence. Currently, it is a widespread problem in adolescence and there is a great lack of knowledge about the beliefs/attitudes that help perpetuate this phenomenon. This study aimed to assess how adolescents perceive dating violence. Additionally, to estimate the observed frequency of exposure of adolescents to different dating violence items, assessing the differences according to sex and educational level. METHODS // A cross-sectional study was carried out in 2022 among high school students coming from Spain (Galician Region) The data was collected by means of an anonymous online questionnaire. A descriptive analysis of the data obtained was conducted. The observed frequency of adolescents’ exposure to different items of dating violence and identification of violence was estimated. Fisher’s exact test was used to compare the proportions according to sex and educational level. RESULTS // 410 students were included. 99% of the women perceived that it is not normal to control their partner’s clothing compared to 88% of the men; in relation to the control of friendships these percentages were 87.6% and 73.1% and with respect to criticism of the partner 54.7% vs 67.9%, respectively in women and men. 46.8% of the students admitted knowing of cases in which they sent several messages a day to find out what their partner was doing. 21.7% referred to be aware of cases who felt fear of the partner. CONCLUSIONS // The perception of dating violence by women is higher. The largest differences between men and women are in the items of the control domain. FUNDAMENTOS // La violencia en la pareja que se produce en adolescentes se conoce con el nombre de violencia en el noviazgo. Actualmente, es un problema generalizado en la adolescencia y existe un gran desconocimiento al respecto de las creencias/actitudes que están ayudando a perpetuar este fenómeno. El objetivo de este estudio fue conocer la percepción de los adolescentes sobre esta violencia y estimar la frecuencia observada de exposición a diferentes ítems de violencia en el noviazgo, valorando las diferencias según sexo y nivel educativo. MÉTODOS // Se realizó en 2022 un estudio transversal en cuatro centros educativos públicos de Galicia (España) que impartían Educación Secundaria Obligatoria y Bachillerato. El muestreo de los centros fue de conveniencia. Se invitó a los estudiantes a contestar un cuestionario anónimo. Se estimó l