The temporality of psychological constructs, suicidal ideation and emotional dysregulation: a longitudinal study in adolescents

Background. Adolescence could be considered a period of crisis (emotional and cognitive) where the permanence of psychological discomfort is expressed in different risk fac-tors. That is why it is necessary to evaluate the temporality of psychological constructs. Objective. Analyse, over time, the permanence of emotional dysregulation, suicidal ideation and psychological constructs (emotional disorders, percei-ved social support, hopelessness, impulsivity, and attitudes and beliefs). Method. Study 1 was a cross-sectional, descriptive-comparative type of 109 teenaged participants from upper secondary education who completed a Scale for the Detection of Suicidal Ideation in Young People and Difficulties in Emotion Regulation that evaluate emotional dysregulation, suicidal ideation and psychological constructs. Study 2 is a longitudinal comparative study of 85 teenaged participants of the original 109. Results. Differences were found for the psychological construct of emotional disorders, where young women obtained a higher average than young men (p < .05). The psychological constructs of emotional disorders, hopelessness, attitudes and beliefs, and impulsiveness, as well as suicidal ideation and emotional dysregulation remained stable over two years. Discussion and conclusion. Emotional regulation as a psychological resource would foster flexibility, tolerance and acceptance in preventing the intensity of psychological distress. Introducción. La adolescencia podría considerarse un periodo de crisis (emocionales y cognitivos) donde la permanencia del malestar psicológico, se expresa en distintos factores de riesgo. Es por ello que se hace necesario evaluar la temporalidad de los constructos psicológicos. Objetivo. Analizar a través del tiempo la permanencia de desregulación emocional, ideación suicida y constructos psicológicos (trastornos emocionales, apoyo social percibido, desesperanza, impulsividad, y actitudes y creencias). Método. El estudio 1 fue de corte transversal tipo descriptivo comparativo, participaron 109 adolescentes de educación media superior, se aplicó las escalas Detección de Ideación Suicida en Jóvenes y Dificultades en la Regulación Emocional que evalúan la desregulación emocional, ideación suicida y constructos psicológicos. El estudio 2 es de corte longitudinal comparativo, 85 adolescentes, de los 109 originales, participaron en el estudio longitudinal. Resultados. Se encontraron diferencias para el constructo psicológico de trastornos