Cambios en los arcos dentarios antes y después del tratamiento de ortodoncia con extracciones de primeros premolares analizados con el escáner maestro 3D Ortho Studio

To evaluate the changes in the dental arches after orthodontic treatment with extractions of the first four premolars. A cross-sectional study was carried out with a sample of study models of 21 patients with permanent dentition who were treated at the Orthodontics Specialty Clinic of the Autonomous University of the State of Mexico. The dependent variables were the following measurements: upper intercanine width, lower intercanine width, upper intermolar width, lower intermolar width, overjet, overbite, perimeter of the upper dental arch, perimeter of the lower dental arch and palate height. The independent variables were: age and sex. The analysis was performed using parametric tests in SPSS. Statistically significant differences were found in the upper intercanine width, which showed an increase after treatment (p = 0.008), the lower intercanine width (p = 0.018) was found increased and the lower intermolar width was decreased, finding differences statistically significant (p = 0.005). This study showed that there are changes in some parameters in the archways before and after orthodontic treatment with extractions such as: an increase in the upper and lower intercanine width and decrease in the lower intermolar width, overjet, as well as in the perimeters of the upper and lower arch after orthodontic treatment in patients who experienced extractions of first premolars. Evaluar los cambios en los arcos dentarios posterior al tratamiento de ortodoncia con extracciones de los cuatro primeros premolares. Se realizó un estudio transversal con una muestra de modelos de estudio de 21 pacientes con dentición permanente que fueron atendidos en la Clínica de la Especialidad de Ortodoncia de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México. Las variables dependientes fueron: anchura intercanina superior, anchura intercanina inferior, anchura intermolar superior, anchura intermolar inferior, overjet, overbite, perímetro del arco dental superior, perímetro del arco dental inferior y altura del paladar. Las variables independientes fueron: edad y sexo. El análisis se realizó mediante pruebas paramétricas en SPSS. Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la anchura intercanina superior (p=0.008) y la anchura intercanina inferior (p=0.018) las cuales se encontraron aumentadas y la anchura intermolar inferior se presentó disminución, encontrando diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p=0.005). Este estudio demostró que existen cambios en algunos