Estudio comparativo en colecistectomía por laparoscopia entre especialistas en cirugía general vs residentes en cirugía general

Background: Laparoscopic surgery is a minimally invasive approach that has multiple advantages over open surgery, making this approach the gold standard in the management of cholelitiasis and acute cholecystitis. Currently, laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the most practiced procedure by general surgeons, and for this reason, it is important to incorporate it early in practice. Methods: An analytical observational study was carried out comparing patients carried to laparoscopic cholecystectomy. 192 medical records of patients were reviewed that had undergone laparoscopic cholecystectomy during the study period. The first group (G1) corresponds to 4 general surgeons, the second group (G2) to 2th year residents and the third group (G3) to 4th year residents. Results: In this study there is not direct relationship between these risks factors and the surgical outcome, showing not significant p’s in case of gangrenous (p=0.81) and perforated (p=0.12) gallbladder.Also between the three groups there was no statistically significant difference in the mean hospital stay with a p value of 0.73. At the same time similar complications were shown, highlighting non-significant p values to demonstrate differences in surgical site infections (p=0.06), readmission (p=0.55), hospital stay (p=0.73), ICU stay (p=0.76) and mortality (p=0.37). Conclusions: This study shows that laparoscopic cholecystectomy performed by second and fourth year residents is a feasible procedure, performed with the proper supervision of a specialist. Also, there is an association between early exposure to this procedure and a decrease in the operative time. Introducción: La cirugía laparoscópica es un abordaje mínimamente invasivo que tiene múltiples ventajas sobre la cirugía abierta, lo que convierte a este abordaje en el Gold Standard en el tratamiento de colelitiasis y colecistitis aguda. Actualmente, la colecistectomía laparoscópica es el procedimiento más practicado por los cirujanos generales, por lo que es de importancia su incorporación temprana en la práctica. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional analítico comparando pacientes llevados a colecistectomía laparoscópica. Se revisaron 192 historias clínicas de pacientes que se les había realizado colecistectomía laparoscópica durante el período de estudio. El primer grupo (G1) corresponden 4 cirujanos generales, el segundo grupo (G2) a residentes de 2º año y el tercer grupo (G3) a residentes de 4º año. Resultados: En este e